Erdafitinib is an oral targeted therapy used in the treatment of advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma, particularly in patients whose tumors harbor specific fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) genetic alterations. It works by inhibiting FGFR proteins, which are involved in cell growth, survival, and angiogenesis, thereby slowing or halting the progression of cancer cells that depend on these pathways. This precision‑based approach makes erdafitinib especially valuable in cases where traditional chemotherapy or immunotherapy has failed, offering a new line of treatment tailored to the genetic profile of the tumor. Its use represents a significant advancement in personalized oncology, as patients are selected based on molecular testing to identify FGFR mutations or fusions. By targeting the underlying driver of tumor growth, erdafitinib not only improves response rates but also extends survival outcomes compared to conventional therapies. Beyond bladder cancer, ongoing research is exploring its potential in other malignancies where FGFR alterations play a role, further broadening its therapeutic relevance. The availability of erdafitinib underscores the importance of genomic testing in modern cancer care, ensuring that patients receive therapies aligned with their tumor biology. Overall, erdafitinib exemplifies the shift toward precision medicine, providing a focused, effective option for individuals with FGFR‑altered urothelial carcinoma and contributing to improved management strategies in advanced cancer treatment.