Eszopiclone is a nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic medication and is widely prescribed for the treatment of both short-term and chronic insomnia. This drug works by acting as a positive allosteric modulator at the GABA-A receptor complex, enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA, the brain's primary calming neurotransmitter, and thereby promoting the onset and maintenance of sleep. Eszopiclone is rapidly absorbed after oral intake, with peak levels occurring within about an hour, and it has a half-life of approximately six hours, making it suitable for reducing sleep onset latency and nighttime awakenings without significant disruption of normal sleep architecture. This medication is structurally different from benzodiazepines, but it shares similar sedative pathways, and is especially valued because it does not restrict duration of use in adults.